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铝和铜互连线的晶粒结构及残余应力研究

Keywords: Al互连线,Cu互连线,晶粒结构,织构,应力

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Abstract:

采用X射线衍射仪和扫描探针显微镜,观察和测量了分别由大马士革工艺制备的Cu互连线和由反应刻蚀工艺制备的Al互连线的晶粒结构和应力状态.大马士革工艺凹槽中的Cu互连线受到机械应力的影响,使Cu互连线的晶粒尺寸(45~65nm)小于Al互连线的晶粒尺寸(200~300nm);Cu互连线(111)的织构强度(2.56)低于Al互连线(111)的织构强度(15.35);Cu互连线沿线宽方向的应力σ22随线宽的减小而增加,即沉积态和退火态的Cu互连线的σ22由73和254MPa(4μm线宽)分别增加到104和301MPa(0.5μm线宽).Cu互连线和Al互连线的流体静应力σ均为张应力.Al互连线的主应力σ11、σ22和σ33随Al膜厚度的减小而增加.退火使Al互连线的σ11、σ22和σ33降低,表明Al互连线中的残余应力主要为热应力.

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