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典型城市夏季碳组分污染特征与来源解析

Keywords: PM2.5,有机碳,元素碳,来源解析

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Abstract:

为了研究京津冀地区典型城市PM2.5及其碳组分的污染特征和来源,选取北京和唐山具有代表性的5个监测点于2012年7月3日至30日进行了PM2.5样品采集.分析研究了PM2.5、有机碳(OC)和元素碳(EC)的质量浓度及变化特征,采用OC/EC最小比值法估算了二次有机碳(SOC)的质量浓度,并使用因子分析法解析了碳组分来源.结果表明:采样期间北京市PM2.5、OC和EC质量浓度分别为76.2±38.5μg/m3、7.0±2.2μg/m3和3.0±1.4μg/m3,均低于唐山的97.7±38.8μg/m3、11.7±6.3μg/m3和7.0±5.0μg/m3;北京灰霾天气PM2.5、OC和EC浓度分别为非霾天气的2.0、1.2和1.8倍,唐山相应为1.4、1.5和1.6倍;北京和唐山SOC质量浓度分别为3.0μg/m3和5.1μg/m3,分别占OC质量浓度的42.9%和43.6%;北京和唐山PM2.5中碳组分主要来源于燃煤和机动车尾气,其贡献量均超过75%,因此要进一步加强清洁能源替代、控制机动车保有量的增长及提高车用油质量.

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