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带有凹槽结构活塞裙部的正交试验

Keywords: 发动机,活塞,凹槽,正交试验

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Abstract:

针对发动机活塞失效形式,结合活塞工作过程中所受应力的非均匀分布,以XL-2V型发动机为试验对象,将均匀排布的减阻耐磨型凹槽、凹坑结构优化变形为非均匀排布形式应用于活塞裙部.为了保证凹槽和通孔卸载活塞环槽集中应力作用的实现,同时使凹槽和通孔不影响活塞裙刚度以加大活塞裙底部变形,在发动机活塞裙部表面以环形形式逐行加工出变深度、变宽度、变间距的宏观凹槽及通孔形态,且槽深、槽宽、槽间距距离活塞顶部越近尺寸越大.运用正交试验方法制定了9种试验方案,选取3因素分别为孔槽分布类型、凹槽深度和凹槽宽度.搭建发动机冷试验台架,对9种凹槽形活塞和标准活塞进行对比试验,以磨损量和功率损耗率为试验结果指标.试验结果表明:凹槽形活塞磨损量平均减少35%、功率最大提高1%;凹槽形分布较其他2种分布类型减阻、耐磨效果更佳;较小的凹槽深宽设计更有助于保证活塞刚度、延长活塞寿命.

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