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唐山夏季PM_(2.5)污染特征及来源解析

Keywords: PM2.5,二次无机气溶胶,富集因子,正交矩阵因子分解法(PMF)

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Abstract:

选取唐山市有代表性的4个监测点:唐山工业区(钢铁冶金工业)、唐山丰南(经济开发区)、唐山监测中心站(居民区)、唐山大学城(大学区),于2012年7月连续1个月采集PM2.5样品;通过分析PM2.5的元素和水溶性组分,研究了唐山市PM2.5污染特性,并应用正交矩阵因子分解法(PMF)对PM2.5来源进行了解析.结果表明:唐山夏季PM2.5平均质量浓度为97μg/m3;4个功能区PM2.5质量浓度空间变化为工业区>经济开发区>大学区>居民区.工业区和经济开发区Fe、Pb、Mn元素富集程度明显高于其他区域.大学区受周边建筑活动影响较大,PM2.5样品中Al浓度最高.监测中心和丰南区采样点紧邻交通干线,PM2.5受机动车影响明显高于其他区域.唐山夏季二次无机气溶胶占PM2.5的47.7%,高温度、高湿度有利于二次无机气溶胶的生成,SO2转化率(SOR)为0.57,NO2转化率(NOR)为0.39.夏季PM2.5主要来源有金属冶金工业,建筑尘、燃煤尘及其他无组织尘,机动车,水泥建材及玻璃陶瓷行业,外来颗粒物区域性传输也是导致PM2.5污染的重要原因之一.

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