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采用高通量测序分析全程自养脱氮(CANON)系统不同脱氮效能下的微生物群落结构

Keywords: 全程自养脱氮(CANON),16SrDNA宏基因组测序,生物群落结构

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Abstract:

从微生物优势菌群构成角度揭示一体式全程自养脱氮反应器(completelyautotrophicnitrogenremovalovernitrite,CANON)启动、稳态运行及崩溃的微观机理,有助于优化调控微生物种群、增强CANON的脱氮效能.试验采用序批式反应器(sequencingbatchreactor,SBR),以间歇曝气方式启动CANON系统(35益依1益),考察了CANON系统从启动、稳定到恶化过程的氮素转化率和微生物活性;同时对污泥样品采用16SrDNA宏基因组高通量测序技术,考察种泥和不同脱氮效能时期的微生物种群结构.试验结果表明:本CANON系统的厌氧氨氧化菌(anaerobicammoniumoxidationbacteria,AnAOB)为CandidatusKuenenia,氨氧化菌(ammoniumoxidationbacteria,AOB)和硝化菌(nitriteoxidationbacteria,NOB)分别为亚硝化单胞菌属(Nitrosomonas)和UnculturedNitrospinaceae;系统启动时,AnAOB丰度达到0.44%,AOB和NOB分别占总菌的27.61%和1.33%,脱氮效果最佳时的总氮容积去除率达到218.0mg/(L·d);由于系统溶解氧质量浓度较低(0.15~0.25mg/L),好氧段发生厌氧氨氧化反应,好氧段结束时亚硝氮积累量持续下降,导致缺氧段亚硝酸盐基质不足,AnAOB受到抑制;长期运行条件下,反应器内生物多样性及AnAOB丰度均有所下降.反应末期,Nitrosomonas占总菌群数量的62%,成为优势菌种,而AnAOB仅占0.13%,与此时较低的总氮容积去除率(19.3mg/(L·d))相吻合.

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