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开裂混凝土中氯离子扩散行为的细观数值模拟

Keywords: 混凝土,裂纹,氯离子扩散,细观,有限元法

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Abstract:

为了研究氯离子在开裂混凝土中的扩散性能,考虑混凝土细观结构的非均质性,将含有裂纹的混凝土试件视为由砂浆基质、骨料、界面过渡区以及裂纹组成的四相复合材料,建立了带有单条裂纹的二维细观有限元模型.数值模型中,骨料不具有渗透能力,砂浆基质和界面中的氯离子扩散性能由水灰比确定,裂纹相中氯离子扩散系数与裂纹宽度的定量关系由文献中已有试验数据的拟合获得.研究了骨料分布形式对氯离子扩散行为的影响,分析并探讨了不同裂纹宽度下混凝土中的氯离子扩散行为.数值结果与试验数据的良好吻合说明了该方法的准确性.研究结果表明:骨料的随机分布形式基本不影响混凝土中氯离子的扩散行为;裂纹宽度小于50μm时,混凝土中氯离子的扩散行为基本不受裂纹的影响;裂纹宽度介于50~170μm时,氯离子的扩散随裂纹宽度增大而明显加剧;裂纹宽度大于170μm时,氯离子在裂纹附近的扩散趋于二维扩散形态.

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