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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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奥氏体不锈钢钎焊界面裂纹形成机制研究
DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1037.2013.00219, PP. 1177-1184
Keywords: 氩弧钎焊,含Cu钎料,奥氏体不锈钢,钎焊裂纹
Abstract:
对316LN奥氏体不锈钢的钎焊界面裂纹形成机制进行了系统研究.首先以Cu-Si和Ag-Cu-Sn两种含Cu钎料对316LN不锈钢管进行了氩弧钎焊,根据焊后工件的打压泄漏情况,使用OM和SEM观察了钎焊界面的微观组织和裂纹形貌,并用EDS分析了裂纹内表面成分.结果显示,钎焊界面裂纹在母材/钎料界面萌生,沿母材晶界扩展,裂纹内可检测到钎料中的元素,且裂纹开始形成于钎料凝固之前.为进一步确定钎焊裂纹产生机制,进行了316LN不锈钢的Cu-Si钎料浸渍实验,Cu-Si钎料真空钎焊实验,以及Ag-Sn,Ag-Al钎料和Ni焊丝氩弧钎焊实验,证明了钎料中的低熔点元素沿母材晶界扩散导致的晶界弱化,以及钎焊过程中母材内温度梯度导致的内应力是钎焊界面裂纹发生的必要条件.最后定性描述了钎焊界面裂纹的形成过程,并讨论了抑制该类裂纹的钎焊工艺.
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