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化学进展 2014

光电化学传感器的构建及应用

DOI: 10.7536/PC131014, PP. 834-845

孙兵,艾仕云

Keywords: 光电化学分析,光电化学传感器,光电化学活性材料,光电流,传感模式

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Abstract:

光电化学分析是基于光电化学过程和化学/生物识别过程建立起来的一种新的分析方法。该方法以光作为激发信号，以光电流作为检测信号，具有灵敏度高、响应快速、设备简单和易微型化等优点，在生物和环境等分析领域受到了广泛关注。电极表面修饰的光电层在吸收光子后被激发，所产生的载流子发生电荷分离和电子迁移，进而产生光电流。通过在光电层上进一步修饰传感识别单元，利用直接氧化还原、分子识别与结合、酶催化等方法所导致的光电流的变化与待测分子之间的数量关系，可实现对目标物的定量分析。因此，光电化学传感器在功能结构上包括光电转换单元和传感识别单元两部分，光电层的材料选择和传感识别策略是光电化学传感器构建的两大关键点。本文在对光电化学传感器基本原理及应用领域总结的基础上，对光电化学传感器的材料选择和传感模式进行了分析和综述。

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