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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用：99美元
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载体对包埋酶微环境的影响分析
, PP. 163-170
Keywords: 酶包埋,微环境,高分子,溶胶－凝胶,二氧化硅,杂化材料
Abstract:
包埋法固定化酶过程中，酶固定化载体的选择和设计是酶固定化过程的关键因素，适宜的载体微环境对酶活性和稳定性的影响尤为重要。论文首先分析并提出了影响固定化酶所处载体微环境的主要因素，包括载体的亲疏水性、结构形态和反应活性。载体的亲疏水性决定固定化酶微环境中的水分含量。载体的结构形态对酶形成的笼效应，以及载体的反应活性，包括共价键合、静电和氢键等的结合能力，影响酶构象的稳定性和运动性。另外，底物／产物的扩散速率和酶的可及性也同样受到载体的孔结构、孔分布以及载体反应活性的影响。本文介绍了常用的酶包埋载体，包括sol-gel二氧化硅、高分子水凝胶以及高分子－二氧化硅杂化凝胶固定化酶过程，结合上述影响酶微环境的因素，分析比较了三类载体固定化酶的包埋率、活性和稳定性，综述了为改善固定化酶微环境所进行改进研究的进展。
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