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化学进展 2012

仿生智能纳米通道在能量转换中的应用

, PP. 463-470

张明辉,翟锦

Keywords: 纳米通道,离子通道,离子泵,仿生,能量转换

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Abstract:

智能纳米通道由于独特的纳米结构,导致对离子的通过具有选择性、整流性和门控性,从而在能量转换领域具有重要的应用前景。本文根据能量转换原理的不同,将纳米通道在能量转换中的应用分为模仿电鳗鱼将化学能转换为电能,模仿绿叶将光能转换为化学能,模仿菌紫质将光能转换为电能,模仿水力发电机将流体机械能转换为电能。其中,模仿电鳗鱼系统由于广泛的能量来源、高的能量转换效率以及输出的能量形式为电能,应用前景最为广阔。能量转换的性能受纳米通道自身的几何结构以及内表面电荷密度的影响。除此之外,还受外界条件的影响,比如电解质溶液类型和浓度,浓差和气压差的大小以及pH值等。

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