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化学进展  2012 

Ⅲ-Ⅴ族多面体团簇的稳定性规律

, PP. 1008-1022

Keywords: 多面体团簇,几何结构,稳定性,理论计算,富勒烯

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Abstract:

本文对Ⅲ-Ⅴ族多面体团簇的几何结构与稳定性规律之间的关系进行了总结,内容包括富勒烯Cn团簇、CnXn(X=H,F)团簇、BnNn团簇、(HBNH)n团簇、Nn团簇及羰基硼(BCO)n团簇。对于富勒烯,最成熟的稳定性判据为独立五元环规则和五元环共边计数规则,它们都强调Cn团簇由五元环与六元环形成,且五元环应最大程度分离。但氢化或氟化后的CnXn(X=H,F)团簇有不同的稳定性规律,它们的稳定结构为五元环聚集的管状结构。BnNn团簇主要由四元环、六元环这样的偶数元环形成,避免了BB或NN键的出现。其最稳定结构中,四元环呈最大分离。最稳定的(HBNH)n团簇为四元环聚集的针状结构。N原子与CH单元为等电子体,但最稳定的Nn团簇由三元环、五元环与六元环形成,呈管状结构。BCO单元与CH也具有等瓣相似性,但最稳定的(BCO)n结构由三元环和六元环形成。对部分氢化或氟化富勒烯稳定性规律的探索,是Ⅲ-Ⅴ族团簇稳定性研究的下一个难点。

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