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化学进展  2005 

变换催化剂研究进展*

, PP. 389-398

Keywords: 变换催化剂,燃料电池,制氢,(贵)金属/载体,稀土氧化物

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Abstract:

烃类化合物的水蒸汽重整与水煤气变换反应(简称变换反应)组合是廉价制取氢气的主要方式.经过80多年的研究和实践,工业化的变换催化剂已基本定型.近年来由于燃料电池技术的飞速发展,有关变换催化剂的研究与开发又重新引起人们的兴趣与关注.本文在总结传统变换催化剂研究进展情况的基础上,重点介绍了以燃料电池应用为目的变换催化剂的研究进展.总结表明,"(贵)金属/载体"型双功能催化剂已经成为变换催化剂的主要研究方向.(贵)金属和载体种类、制备方法和条件等对催化剂粒径分布、体相织构、表面性质和活性等都有很大影响.虽然与传统变换催化剂相比,"(贵)金属/载体"型双功能变换催化剂体现了更优良的性能,但与燃料电池商业化应用的要求还有一定的差距.

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