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方波脉冲电压下温度对聚酰亚胺薄膜电气绝缘特性的影响

DOI: 10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.2015.02.006, PP. 396-402

Keywords: 聚酰亚胺纳米复合薄膜,介电温度谱,局部放电起始放电电压,击穿电压,老化寿命,空间电荷

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Abstract:

为了研究温度尤其是高温对变频牵引电机绕组匝间绝缘材料电气绝缘特性的影响,以聚酰亚胺纳米复合薄膜为研究对象,测试了薄膜的介电温度谱,研究了方波脉冲电压下温度θ对薄膜局部放电起始放电电压(partialdischargeinceptionvoltage,PDIV)、击穿电压Ub及老化寿命的影响,分析了薄膜在老化期间的空间电荷分布特性。研究结果表明θ升高,薄膜高分子链热运动加剧,阻碍了分子链极性端基及侧链的取向极化作用,使薄膜的介电常数ε减小;同时,薄膜的介质损耗tanδ也因极化作用的减弱而减小,但因弛豫现象使介质损耗温度谱在110℃处出现1个峰值;θ升高,被陷阱捕获的电子更容易受激发而脱陷,易满足局部放电对初始电子的要求,使PDIV降低;载流子平均自由程增大,载流子能量增强,对薄膜高分子链的破坏作用加剧,导致Ub降低。空间电荷分布特性研究表明θ升高,载流子能量增大,加速了薄膜高分子链降解并生成小分子及自由基,增大了薄膜的陷阱密度,载流子频繁地入陷与脱陷,进一步加剧了高分子的降解,使薄膜老化寿命明显缩短。研究为优化变频牵引电机绝缘系统的设计奠定了基础。

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