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风电场电缆集电系统雷电暂态数值计算

DOI: 10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.2015.05.020, PP. 1566-1573

Keywords: 风电场,电缆集电系统,雷电过电压,塔外布置升压变压器,避雷器电流,雷电流幅值,机组冲击接地电阻

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Abstract:

针对风电场集电系统升压变压器和避雷器在雷害事故中大量损坏现状,在雷害事故现场调查的基础上,对风电场电缆集电系统雷电暂态过电压及电流分布进行了数值计算。建立了单台机组模型和多台机组模型,考虑了风电机组数量、雷电流幅值、机组冲击接地电阻等各种因素对雷电暂态过电压和雷电流分布影响。结果表明避雷器标称放电电流偏小是雷击损坏主要原因,多次回击电流将导致避雷器以及与其并联连接的升压变压器损坏。对于35kV风电场电缆集电系统,如果风电机组冲击接地电阻很难降低,提高避雷器标称放电电流可以有效解决电缆集电系统雷电暂态过电压和避雷器保护问题。根据计算结果提出了避雷器标称放电电流推荐值,当雷电流幅值<50kA时,标称放电电流5kA的避雷器可满足要求;当雷电流幅值≥100kA时,则需要相应提高避雷器标称放电电流。对风电场电缆集电系统,在接线工艺规范的前提下,升压变压器高压侧安装1组避雷器可以满足过电压保护和绝缘配合要求。

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