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表流湿地冬季运行效果及植物腐烂影响的初步研究

Keywords: 表流湿地,水力负荷,进水间隔,植物腐烂

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Abstract:

为探索改善表流湿地在冬季低效率的方法以及水生湿地植物腐烂对水质产生的影响,通过改变水力负荷(HLR)和进水方式研究了不同水力条件下表流湿地对CODMn、CODCr、NH+4-N、TP的去除效果,并采集不同水生湿地植物地上部分的样品,浸泡测定浸出液中CODMn的含量变化。结果表明,在冬季水温3~10℃、水力负荷为0.092m·d-1时,湿地对CODMn、CODCr、NH+4-N、TP的去除率分别为6.8%、30.2%、47.0%和25.1%。水力负荷降低到0.040m·d-1时可进一步提高净化效果。而水力负荷上升到0.21m·d-1后,表流湿地对CODMn、NH+4-N、TP的去除率几乎为零,对CODCr的去除率为负,出水中难降解有机质比例增大。将进水间隔从每日1次增加到2次后,湿地对CODMn的去除率显著提高。冬季水生植物腐烂释放实验表明,植物的叶比茎更容易腐烂并释放出还原性物质。在种植湿地植物时应尽量选择冬季释放速率较低的品种,如芦苇(Phragmitescommunis)等。

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