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广州市蔬菜重金属污染现状及对人体健康风险分析

Keywords: 重金属,健康风险,蔬菜,日人均摄入量,靶标危害系数

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Abstract:

通过测定3个不同采样时期广州市主要蔬菜市场的12种蔬菜共36个样品,分析其中的Pb、Cd、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn重金属含量水平,对经蔬菜途径摄入的重金属暴露接触人体的健康风险进行了评估。结果显示,Pb、Cr、Cd为广州市蔬菜的主要污染元素,其超标率分别达到22.2%、38.9%和13.9%。根茎类蔬菜的污染程度大于叶菜类和瓜果类。利用单因子污染指数法进行了评价,发现广州市蔬菜的污染比例在50%以上,其中28.9%为轻度污染。广州市居民经食用蔬菜日均Pb、Zn、Cd、Cu、Cr、Ni摄入量(Dailyintake,DI)均未超过FAO/WHO人均日摄入可允许限量标准(Provisionaltolerabledailyintake,PTDI)。THQ(Targethazardquotients)靶标危害系数结果表明几种重金属的THQ值均小于1,其中Pb的THQ为0.447,说明经蔬菜途径摄入重金属对广州市居民健康风险很低,但是与其他几种元素相比,Pb在一定程度上具有潜在风险。

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