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酸沉降与我国南方森林土壤的酸化

Keywords: 土壤酸化,酸沉降,森林土壤,中国南方

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Abstract:

通过模拟酸沉降土壤连续浸泡试验,研究了我国南方5种森林土壤的酸化过程,并讨论了影响土壤酸化的几个因素。结果表明,土壤对酸沉降H+的中和能力,对酸沉降阴离子(SO2-4和NO-3)的吸附,土壤阳离子(Ca2+,Mg2+等盐基离子以及Al3+)的风化,土壤pH和BS的变化,都在土壤酸化过程中有着重要作用。同时,酸沉降的酸度(pH值)是决定土壤酸化的主要因素,而酸沉降中高含量的盐基离子可能缓解土壤的酸化过程。结合土壤本身物理化学基本特性可以得知,福建土壤对酸沉降引起的酸化最为敏感;江西、湖南土壤次之;重庆土壤的酸化敏感性较弱;而贵州土壤对酸沉降不太敏感。

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