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冬小麦夏玉米农田土壤呼吸与碳平衡的研究

Keywords: 土壤呼吸,碳平衡,冬小麦,夏玉米

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Abstract:

为探讨不同农作措施下的农田碳平衡规律,研究农田对大气CO2的“源”、“汇”特征,2000年至2003年连续测定了不同秸秆管理、灌溉和氮肥施用等种植措施下华北冬小麦、夏玉米生长季的土壤呼吸。结果表明,农田CO2释放主要受气温、土壤水分状况和有机物投入量等因素的影响。秸秆还田与优化灌溉增加了土壤呼吸的强度,不同农作措施间土壤呼吸的差异主要发生在冬小麦生长季。对农田碳平衡研究的计算结果显示,农田系统在常规种植措施下表现为大气CO2的“汇”。在传统农作措施下,华北冬小麦、夏玉米生长季植物碳净固定量(NPP)与土壤碳排放量(Rm)的比值分别为1.16、1.21。

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