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水稻土磷环境敏感临界值的研究

Keywords: 水稻土,土壤测试磷,磷饱和度,水溶性磷,环境敏感临界值

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Abstract:

采用室内测试方法研究了3组质地(粘土、重壤土和轻壤土)水稻土水溶性磷(0.01mol·L-1CaCl2-P)与土壤测试磷(Olsen-P和Bray1-P)及土壤磷饱和度的关系。结果表明,水稻土因淹水耕作,其磷释放潜力明显高于旱地土壤,水溶性磷随土壤测试磷的增加而增加。土壤测试磷及磷的饱和度与土壤水溶性磷的关系存在转折点,当土壤磷超过转折点时,土壤水溶性磷和磷的释放潜力明显增加。在好气条件下,供试水稻土磷环境敏感临界值(转折点)在Olsen-P50~75mg·kg-1、Bray1-P90~140mg·kg-1和磷饱和度21%~23%之间;在厌气条件下,供试水稻土磷环境敏感临界值(转折点)在Olsen-P35~45mg·kg-1、Bray1-P75~115mg·kg-1和磷饱和度16%~18%之间,超过临界值土壤磷素可对环境产生非常明显的负影响,不应再施用磷肥和粪肥。

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