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氮肥对土壤甲烷产生的影响

Keywords: 氮肥,甲烷产生,有机碳,土壤质地

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Abstract:

本文综述了氮肥对土壤甲烷产生的影响,探讨了氮肥影响甲烷产生的机制。氮肥对甲烷产生的影响依据土壤性质呈现出4种不同的效应:(1)当土壤有机碳和全氮含量较高时,氮肥对甲烷产生无明显作用;(2)当土壤有机碳和全氮含量中等时,氮肥促进甲烷产生;(3)当土壤有机碳含量较低但质地较粗或土壤C/N比较高而有效态氮含量较少使得土壤中活性有机碳含量相对较多时,由于SO42-和NO3-可以被快速还原从土壤中消失,对产甲烷的影响很弱,因此氮肥促进甲烷产生;(4)当土壤有机碳含量较低或者有机碳含量相对较高但土壤质地粘重导致活性有机碳含量较少时,由于土壤还原SO42-和NO3-的能力较弱,硫铵和硝态氮肥施入导致SO42-和NO3-对产甲烷的抑制作用强于氮肥对甲烷产生的促进作用,氮肥表现为抑制甲烷的产生。

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