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侵蚀引起的苏南坡地土壤退化

Keywords: 137Cs丢失量,土壤粗化,养分减少,土壤退化,土层变薄

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Abstract:

为探讨土壤侵蚀与土壤退化的关系,选择苏南坡地作研究对象,以137Cs丢失量表示土壤侵蚀强度,以土壤颗粒组成、有机质(OM)、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)表示土壤质量,用统计和比较的方法定量分析了侵蚀对土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明,耕作土土壤侵蚀强度高于自然土,表明耕作活动增加了土壤流失的危险;侵蚀造成土壤颗粒粗化,且主要是直径为0.005~0.05mm的粉粒流失,自然土尤为明显;耕作土的粗化则不仅取决于侵蚀,还取决于耕作活动引起的机械淋移;侵蚀并导致侵蚀发生地土壤养分(OM、TN、TP)减少及土层变薄。这些结果说明侵蚀确实造成苏南坡地土壤退化。

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