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集约化蔬菜种植区化肥施用对地下水硝酸盐污染影响的研究——以“中国蔬菜之乡”山东省寿光市为例

Keywords: 地下水,硝酸盐污染,集约化蔬菜种植,山东寿光

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Abstract:

本研究在典型集约化蔬菜种植区山东省寿光市展开。在不同季节对3个有代表性的乡镇的653个地下水水样的检测表明,全年平均NO-3-N含量高达22.6mg·L-1,超出我国饮用水标准的水井比例为36.5%,超出最高允许含量(MAC,10mg·L-1)的水井比例达59.5%,可见寿光市地下水受硝酸盐污染十分严重,污染范围相当广泛。硝态氮(NO-3-N)含量最大值出现在9月份,最小值出现在4月份,同时表现复杂的时空动态变化特征。全年2次对不同蔬菜种植区262个农户蔬菜施肥水平的调查显示,地下水硝酸盐含量与同区氮肥施用水平呈正相关,氮肥过量施用是造成地下水硝酸盐污染的根本原因。

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