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甲胺磷和三唑磷在稻田中的降解迁移及吸附研究

Keywords: 甲胺磷,三唑磷,稻田,降解,迁移,吸附

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Abstract:

采用田间小区试验及室内模拟试验方法,研究了甲胺磷和三唑磷在稻田中的降解迁移和吸附情况。结果表明,稻田喷施甲胺磷和三唑磷农药,其残留分布状况为:植株(90%以上)>土壤>田水。甲胺磷在植株、田水和土壤中的残留降解半衰期分别为3.2~3.7、2.5~3.0、6.0~10.3d;三唑磷在植株和土壤中的残留降解半衰期分别为4.1~4.2、6.1~9.1d,在田水中施药后7d已检不出残留。甲胺磷在0~70cm土层中施药后60d内均有残留检出,三唑磷在0~10cm土层中药后15d已检不出残留。在湿润土壤中,甲胺磷的残留降解半衰期为1.7~5.9d,三唑磷为5.~35.6d;在淹水土壤中,甲胺磷和三唑磷则分别为2.5~10.7和9.9~34.7d。在同一种土壤中,三唑磷的吸附率和吸附常数(K)均大于甲胺磷;在不同土壤中的吸附随有机质含量和K值的增大而增加,甲胺磷的吸附为粘壤土>沙壤土>壤粘土;三唑磷为沙壤土>壤粘土>粘壤土。

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