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2,4-D丁酯水剂防除水葫芦的效果及其在水中的残留动态

Keywords: 水葫芦,2,4-D丁酯,防除,残留

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Abstract:

采用枯叶指数、枯柄指数、新根抑制、鲜重防效等指标,评价2,4-D丁酯对水葫芦的防除作用,并测定其在水中的残留动态。盆栽毒力测定结果表明,2,4-D丁酯对水葫芦根、叶柄、叶片毒力较强,LC50分别为20.45、573.8、781.82mg·L-1;而对鲜重的毒力较弱,LC50为2880.29mg·L-1。水域测定结果表明,1.80g·L-1剂量药后40d,对叶片的防除效果及新根抑制率均达100%,2.40g·L-12,4-D丁酯对各防治指标的防除效果均达100%。2,4-D丁酯控制叶片及新根的速效性较好,2.40g·L-1处理10d后对叶片、新根的控制效果分别达到83.76%、82.61%。采用气谱法测定水中水葫芦不同覆盖度和不同施用量条件下2,4-D丁酯的残留量,0h残留量为0.1193~0.4320mg·L-1,均超过0.07mg·L-1残留标准;24h残留量为0.0017~0.1766mg·L-1,除无水葫芦覆盖的水体施用量为3.60和2.40g·L-1的72%2,4-D丁酯残留量超过或略超标准外,其他处理均未超标准。48h残留量为0.0014~0.052153mg·L-1,均未超标准。

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