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利用蚯蚓回避试验方法评价萘污染土壤的生态风险

Keywords: ,赤子爱胜蚓,回避试验,急性毒性

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Abstract:

国际标准化组织(ISO)最近公布了利用蚯蚓回避行为反应评价土壤环境质量的标准化试验方法,其中推介使用的六室行为观测仪可同时测试6种污染性质或污染水平不同的土壤。我们利用采自吉林的黑土、北京的潮土、湖南的红壤和OECD人工土壤,按照ISO的方法研究了赤子爱胜蚓(Eiseniafetida)对萘污染土壤的行为反应,同时也利用标准的急性毒性试验测定了萘在土壤中对蚯蚓的半致死浓度(LC50),以比较分析这2种试验方法在评价萘污染土壤上的相对敏感性。结果表明,在不同性质的土壤中,蚯蚓对高浓度的萘污染土壤均表现出明显的回避行为反应,其产生完全回避反应的浓度阈值约为50mg·kg-1。萘在人工土壤和北京潮土中对赤子爱胜蚓的LC50分别为173.8和97.3mg·kg-1。与急性毒性的LC50相比,行为测试终点对萘污染土壤的反应更为灵敏。

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