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尿素肥斑扩散过程中的土壤特性变化

Keywords: 尿素,含水量,pH值,微生物,

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Abstract:

采用特制容器,模拟尿素的立体扩散,观察了尿素扩散过程中肥斑内土壤特性的变化。结果表明,越靠近肥料的微域,土壤含水量越低,而土壤pH、脲酶和过氧化氢酶的活性越高。尿素颗粒水解及其产生的NH3-NH4+平衡移动是肥斑内土壤水分和pH变化的主要原因。土壤酶活性主要受底物浓度变化的影响。硝化细菌数量在1~3cm范围内较低,在7cm处范围最高;反硝化细菌数量也在1~3cm范围较低,但随微域离肥料距离增加有增加趋势,pH值和NO2-、NO3-浓度是影响硝化和反硝化细菌数量的关键因素。

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