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伴随阴离子对土壤中铅和镉吸附-解吸的影响

Keywords: ,,伴随阴离子,吸附-解吸

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Abstract:

采用等温平衡法研究了3种伴随阴离子(Cl-、SO24-、H2PO-4)下赤红壤和水稻土Pb2+和Cd2+的吸附解吸规律,以阐明不同阴离子影响铅和镉有效性的大小。结果表明,Pb2+、Cd2+的吸附量均随平衡液中Pb2+、Cd2+浓度增加而增大,其关系较好地符合Freundlich方程X=ACB。方程中表征吸附容量的参数A表明,3种阴离子影响土壤铅吸附大小顺序依次为H2PO-4>SO24->Cl-;赤红壤上阴离子的影响大于水稻土。两种土壤上铅的解吸量平均仅占吸附量的0.06%~1%,说明土壤吸附铅以专性吸附为主;而镉在赤红壤上解吸率<3%,水稻土上解吸率为1.4%~19.2%,表明镉在赤红壤仍以专性吸附为主,水稻土上还存在部分非专性吸附。根据吸附结果认为,土壤中氯离子的存在可增加铅、镉的有效性,而磷酸根是铅、镉最好的稳定剂。

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