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珠三角典型区域土壤多环芳烃(PAHs)的多元统计分析——以佛山市顺德区为例

Keywords: 珠江三角洲,土壤,多环芳烃,持久性有机污染物,来源

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Abstract:

选取位于珠江三角洲的佛山市顺德区作为研究对象,分析了该市26个代表性土壤样品中的多环芳烃的含量和组成,并对多环芳烃的来源进行探讨。结果显示,16种优控多环芳烃中有8种100%检出,其余8种也有不同程度的检出,检出率最低的化合物为蒽(7.9%)。在顺德区土壤中多环芳烃含量介于34.0~341.0μg·kg-1,平均值为169.4μg·kg-1。总体上顺德区土壤PAHs污染程度较轻,仅34.62%的样品受到了轻度污染。通过主成分分析,可以提取出2个主因子,进而推断,PAHs的主要来源是燃烧源,而萘的主要来源是石油源。R型聚类分析可以将除蒽和苊之外的14种PAHs化合物明显分为3类:(1)芴、二苯并a,h蒽、二氢苊、萘聚为一类;(2)苯并k荧蒽、苯并a芘、苯并a蒽聚为一类;(3)茚并1,2,3-cd芘、二苯并a,h蒽、苯并b荧蒽聚为一类,分类结果与PAHs化合物组分按照环数多少以及分子量大小基本一致,反映了多环芳烃在环境行为以及其本身化学性质的差异。

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