孙红文, 张彦峰, 张 闻. 生物炭与环境[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社, 2013. SUN Hong-wen, ZHANG Yan-feng, ZHANG Wen. Biochar and environment[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press, 2013.
[2]
马 莉, 吕 宁, 冶 军, 等. 生物炭对灰漠土有机碳及其组分的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2012, 20(8):976-981. MA Li, LV Ning, YE Jun, et al. Effects of biochar on organic carbon content and fractions of gray desert soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2012, 20(8):976-981.
[3]
苏永中, 赵哈林. 土壤有机碳储量、影响因素及其环境效应的研究进展[J]. 中国沙漠, 2002, 22(3):220-228. SU Yong-zhong, ZHAO Ha-lin. Advances in researches on soil organic carbon storages, affecting factors and its environmental effects[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2002, 22(3):220-228.
[4]
邱建军, 王立刚, 李 虎, 等. 农田土壤有机碳含量对作物产量影响的模拟研究[J]. 中国农业科学, 2009, 42(1):154-161. QIU Jian-jun, WANG Li-gang, LI Hu, et al. Modeling the impacts of soil organic carbon content of croplands on crop yields in China[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2009, 42(1):154-161.
[5]
柳 敏, 宇万太, 姜子绍, 等. 土壤活性有机碳[J]. 生态学杂志, 2006, 25(11):1412-1417. LIU Min, YU Wan-tai, JIANG Zi-shao, et al. A research review on soil active organic carbon[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2006, 25(11):1412-1417.
[6]
王丹丹, 周 亮, 黄胜奇, 等. 耕作方式与秸秆还田对表层土壤活性有机碳组分与产量的短期影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2013, 32(4):735-740. WANG Dan-dan, ZHOU Liang, HUANG Sheng-qi, et al. Short-term effects of tillage practices and wheat-straw returned to the field on topsoil labile organic carbon fractions and yields in central China[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2013, 32(4):735-740.
[7]
沈 宏, 曹志洪, 胡正义. 土壤活性有机碳的表征及其生态效应[J]. 生态学杂志, 1999, 18(3):32-38. SHEN Hong, CAO Zhi-hong, HU Zheng-yi. Characteristics and ecological effects of the active organic carbon in soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 1999, 18(3):32-38.
[8]
张福锁, 王激清, 张卫峰, 等. 中国主要粮食作物肥料利用率现状与提高途径[J]. 土壤学报, 2008, 45(5):915-924. ZHANG Fu-suo, WANG Ji-qing, ZHANG Wei-feng, et al. Nutrient use efficiencies of major cereal crops in China and measures for improvement[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2008, 45(5):915-924.
[9]
Thies J E, Rillig M C. Characteristics of biochar:Biological properties[M]. Biochar for Environmental Management:Science and Technology, 2009.
[10]
Deenik J L, Clellan T M, Uehara G. Charcoal volatile matter content influences plant growth and soil nitrogen transformations[J]. Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition, 2010, 74(4):1259-1270.
[11]
曾 爱, 廖允成, 张俊丽, 等. 生物炭对塿土土壤含水量、有机碳及速效养分含量的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2013, 32(5):1009-1015. ZENG Ai, LIAO Yun-cheng, ZHANG Jun-li, et al. Effects of biochar on soil moisture, organic carbon and available nutrient contents in manural loessial soils[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2013, 32(5):1009-1015.
[12]
Zwieten L V, Kimber S, Morris S, et al. Effects of biochar from slow pyrolysis of papermill waste on agronomic performance and soil fertility[J]. Plant and Soil, 2010, 327(1/2):235-246.
[13]
周桂玉, 窦 森, 刘世杰. 生物质炭结构性质及其对土壤有效养分和腐殖质组成的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2011, 30(10):2075-2080. ZHOU Gui-yu, DOU Sen, LIU Shi-jie. The structural characteristics of biochar and its effects on soil available nutrients and humus composition[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2011, 30(10):2075-2080.
[14]
高德才, 张 蕾, 刘 强, 等. 旱地土壤施用生物炭减少土壤氮损失及提高氮素利用率[J]. 农业工程学报, 2014, 30(6):54-61. GAO De-cai, ZHANG Lei, LIU Qiang, et al. Application of biochar in dry land soil decreasing loss of nitrogen and improving nitrogen using rate[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2014, 30(6):54-61.
[15]
陈红霞, 杜章留, 郭 伟, 等. 施用生物炭对华北平原农田土壤容重、阳离子交换量和颗粒有机质含量的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2011, 22(11):2930-2934. CHEN Hong-xia, DU Zhang-liu, GUO Wei, et al. Effects of biochar amendment on cropland soil bulk density, cation exchange capacity, and particulate organic matter content in the North China Plain[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2011, 22(11):2930-2934.
[16]
鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析[M]. 三版. 北京:中国农业出版社, 2000. BAO Shi-dan. Soil and agricultural chemistry analysis[M]. 3rd Ed. Beijing:China Agricultural Press, 2000.
[17]
李世清, 李生秀. 土壤微生物体氮测定方法的研究[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2000, 6(1):75-83. LI Shi-qing, LI Sheng-xiu. Study on the methods for measuring microbial biomass nitrogen soil[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2000, 6(1):75-83.
[18]
Blair G J, Lefroy R D B, Lisle L. Soil carbon fractions based on their degree of oxidation, and the development of a carbon management index, for agricultural systems[J]. Australia Journal of Agricultural Research, 1995, 46(7):1459-1466.
[19]
苏永中, 杨 荣, 杨 晓, 等. 农业管理措施对新垦荒漠沙地农田土壤有机碳及其组分的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(14):2867-2876. SU Yong-zhong, YANG Rong, YANG Xiao, et al. Effects of agricultural management practices on soil organic carbon and its fractions in newly cultivated sandy soil in Northwest China[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(14):2867-2876.
[20]
陈心想, 耿增超, 王 森, 等. 施用生物炭后塿土土壤微生物及酶活性变化特征[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2014, 33(4):751-758. CHEN Xin-xiang, GENG Zeng-chao, WANG Sen, et al. Effects of biochar amendment on microbial biomass and enzyme activities in loess soil[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2014, 33(4):751-758.
[21]
董云中, 王永亮, 张建杰, 等. 晋西北黄土高原丘陵区不同土地利用方式下土壤碳氮储量[J]. 应用生态学报, 2014, 25(4):955-960. DONG Yun-zhong, WANG Yong-liang, ZHANG Jian-jie, et al. Soil carbon and nitrogen storage of different land use types in Northwestern Shanxi Loess Plateau[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2014, 25(4):955-960.
[22]
Lehmann J, Gaunt J, Rondon M. Biochar sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems:A review[J]. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 2006, 11(2):395-419.
[23]
Cambardella C A, Elliott E T. Particulate soil organic matter changes across a grassland cultivation sequence[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1992, 56(3):777-783.
[24]
Lehmann J, Joseph S. Biochar for environmental management:An introduction[M]. London:Earthscan, 2009.
[25]
Lehmann J, Rillig M C, Thies J, et al. Biochar effects on soil biota:A review[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2011, 43(9):1812-1836.
[26]
窦 森, 周桂玉, 杨翔宇, 等. 生物质炭及其与土壤腐殖质碳的关系[J]. 土壤学报, 2012, 49(4):796-802. DOU Sen, ZHOU Gui-yu, YANG Xiang-yu, et al. Biochar and its relation to humus carbon in soil:A short review[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2012, 49(4):796-802.
[27]
Glaser B, Lehmann J, Zech W. Ameliorating physical and chemical properties of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal:A review[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2002, 35:219-230.
[28]
Galloway J N, Aber J D, Erisman J W, et al. The nitrogen cascade[J]. Bioscience, 2003, 53(4):341-356.
[29]
Zheng H, Wang Z Y, Deng X, et al. Impacts of adding biochar on nitrogen retention and bioavailability in agricultural soil[J]. Geoderma, 2013, 206:32-39.
[30]
Lehmann J, da Silva J P, Steiner C, et al. Nutrient availability and leaching in an archaeological anthrosol and a ferralsol of the central Amazon basin:Fertilizer, manure and charcoal amendments[J]. Plant and Soils, 2003, 249(2):343-357.
[31]
李世清, 任书杰, 李生秀. 土壤微生物体氮的季节性变化及其与土壤水分和温度的关系[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2004, 10(1):18-23. LI Shi-qing, REN Shu-jie, LI Sheng-xiu. Seasonal change of soil microbial biomass and the relationship between soil microbial biomass and soil moisture and temperature[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2004, 10(1):18-23.
[32]
高海英, 何绪生, 耿增超, 等. 生物炭及炭基氮肥对土壤持水性能影响的研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2011, 27(24):207-213. GAO Hai-ying, HE Xu-sheng, GENG Zeng-chao, et al. Effect of biochar and biochar-based nitrate fertilizers on soil water-holding capacity[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2011, 27(24):207-213.
[33]
王丹丹, 郑纪勇, 颜永毫, 等. 生物炭对宁南山区土壤持水性能影响的定位研究[J], 水土保持学报, 2013, 27(2):101-104. WANG Dan-dan, ZHENG Ji-yong, YAN Yong-hao, et al. Effect of biochar application on soil water holding capacity in the southern region of Ningxia[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2013, 27(2):101-104.
[34]
Matovic D. Biochar as a viable carbon sequestration option:Global and Canadian perspective[J]. Energy, 2011, 36(4):2011-2016.
[35]
刘玉学, 刘 微, 吴伟祥, 等. 土壤生物质炭环境行为与环境效应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2009, 20(4):977-982. LIU Yu-xue, LIU Wei, WU Wei-xiang, et al. Environmental behavior and effect of biomass-derived black carbon in soil:A review[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2009, 20(4):977-982.
