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全氟辛酸铵盐(PFOA)对土壤酶活性影响的初步研究

Keywords: PFOA,脱氢酶,土壤酶,生态剂量,土壤pH

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Abstract:

全氟辛酸及其盐类(PFOA)是新近认定的持久性有机污染物之一,虽然对环境的危害愈来愈严重,但鲜见其土壤生态毒理的研究报道。为此采用室内模拟的方法,对PFOA与土壤酶(脲酶、脱氢酶、过氧化氢酶)活性间的剂量-效应关系进行了研究。结果表明,PFOA可显著抑制土壤脱氢酶活性(除5号土样外),二者关系达显著或极显著负相关,揭示出土壤脱氢酶活性可表征土壤PFOA污染的程度;供试土样PFOA轻度和中度污染时的生态剂量ED10和ED50值分别为31mg·kg-1和151mg·kg-1,而且酸性土壤比碱性土壤对PFOA反应更敏感,表明土壤pH对PFOA的生态毒性有重要影响。PFOA对纯脲酶、土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性影响规律性不明显,总体呈波动性变化,有待进一步研究。

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