全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

不同处理对高含水率奶牛粪便好氧堆肥的影响

Keywords: 奶牛粪便,含水率,玉米秸秆,晾晒,堆肥

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

针对奶牛养殖场粪便含水率高,堆肥处理成本高的特点,采用以干燥玉米秸秆为调理剂,在较高初始含水率条件下(70%~80%),进行了强制通风堆肥槽和翻转式堆肥仓的对比试验,并且探讨了晾晒脱水作为预处理对堆肥效果的影响。结果表明,各处理堆体升温迅速,且均在50℃以上维持8~12d,满足堆肥无害化的卫生标准(GB7959—1987)要求。至堆肥结束时,各处理含水率均降至40%以下,C/N均降至20以下,WSOC均低于16g·kg-1,NH+4-N含量均低于0.4g·kg-1;除采用堆肥槽在初始含水率为65%下堆肥NH+4-N/NO-3-N>3尚未腐熟完全外,其他处理NH+4-N/NO-3-N均小于0.5,腐熟情况较好;所有处理的GI均大于50%,其中采用堆肥槽在较高初始含水率堆肥和晾晒预处理后堆肥GI已达80%,基本消除了植物毒性。采用较为开放的堆肥槽时,以玉米秸秆作调理剂,在较高的初始含水率条件下堆肥效果更好;以晾晒脱水作为预处理后堆肥,可减少所需调理剂的用量,节约了堆肥的成本。

References

[1]  王凯军,畜禽养殖污染防治技术与政策,北京:化学工业出版社,2004.
[2]  单德臣,单德鑫,许景钢,牛粪好氧生物处理条件分析,东北农业大学学报,2007(4).
[3]  柴晓利,张华,赵由才,固体废物堆肥原理与技术,北京:化学工业出版社,2005.
[4]  王岩,养殖业固体废弃物快速堆肥化处理,北京:化学工业出版社,2004.
[5]  杨邦杰,农业生物环境与能源工程,北京:中国农业科技出版社,2002.
[6]  Mason I G,Mollah M S,Ming-feng Zhong,Composting high moisture content bovine manure using passive aeration,Compost Science and Utilization,2004(3).
[7]  夏炜林,黄宏坤,漆智平,不同堆肥方式对奶牛粪便处理效果的试验研究,农业工程学报,2006(增刊2).
[8]  李玉红,王岩,李清飞,不同原料配比对牛粪高温堆肥的影响,河南农业科学,2006.
[9]  于海霞,孙黎,栾冬梅,不同调理剂对牛粪好氧堆肥的影响,农业工程学报,2006(增刊2).
[10]  国洪艳,徐风花,万书名,牛粪接种复合发酵剂堆肥对腐植酸变化特征的影响,农业环境科学学报,2008(3).
[11]  李玉红,王岩,李清飞,外源微生物对牛粪高温堆肥的影响,农业环境科学学报,2006(增刊).
[12]  LI Xiu-jin,ZHANG Rui-hong,PANG Yun-zhi,Characteristics of dairy manure composting with rice straw,BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY,2008.
[13]  Keener H M,Elwell D L,Reid G L,Composting non-separated dairy manure-theoretical limits and practical experience,Des Moines,Iowa,2000.
[14]  Keener H M,Pecchia J A,Reid G L,Optimizing design and operation of dairy manure composting systems using pilot and full scale kinetic studies,2003.
[15]  Hanajima D,Kuroda K,Fukumoto Y,Effect of addition of organic waste on reduction of Escherichia coli during cattle feces composting under high-moisture condition,BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY,2006(14).
[16]  Zhu Neng-wu,Composting of high moisture content swine manure with corncob in a pilot-scale aerated static bin system,BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY,2006(15).
[17]  曾现来,张增强,张永涛,城市生活垃圾堆肥试验装置的设计,环境污染治理技术与设备,2006(10).
[18]  鲍士旦,土壤农化分析,北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[19]  贾程,张增强,张永涛,污泥堆肥过程中氮素形态的变化,环境科学学报,2008(11).
[20]  Zucconi F,Pera A,Forte M,Evaluating toxicity of immature compost,BIOCYCLE,1981.
[21]  GB 7959-1987.粪便无害化卫生标准
[22]  Bernal M P,Alburquerque J A,Moral R,Composting of animal manures and chemical criteria for compost maturity:A review,BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY,2009(22).
[23]  Liang C,Das K C,McClendon R W,The influence temperature and moisture contents regimes on the aerobic microbial activity of a biosolids composting blend,BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY,2003(2).
[24]  Richard T L,Hamelers H V M,Veeken A,Moisture relationships in composting processes,Compost Science and Utilization,2002(4).
[25]  Brito L M,Coutinho J,Smith S R,Methods to improve the composting process of the solid fraction of dairy cattle slurry,BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY,2008(18).
[26]  Cáceres R,Flotats X,Marfà O,Changes in the chemical and physicochemical properties of the solid fraction of cattle slurry during composting using different aeration strategies,WASTE MANAGEMENT,2006(10).
[27]  Zmora-Nahum S,Markovitch O,Tarchitzky J,Dissolved organic carbon(DOC) as a parameter of compost maturity,Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2005(11).
[28]  曾光明,黄国和,袁兴中,堆肥环境生物与控制,北京:科学出版社,2006.
[29]  鲍艳宇,周启星,颜丽,畜禽粪便堆肥过程中各种氮化合物的动态变化及腐熟度评价指标,应用生态学报,2008(2).
[30]  黄国锋,钟流举,张振钿,猪粪堆肥化处理过程中的氮素转变及腐熟度研究,应用生态学报,2002(11).

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133