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我国河流N2O饱和度与释放系数变化及其与河流氮水平的关系研究

Keywords: 河流,氧化亚氮,饱和度,释放量,释放系数,硝态氮,氨氮

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Abstract:

通过选择我国3个不同流域的河流,研究了河流N2O饱和度与释放量的时空变化及其与河流氮水平的关系,并评估了IPCC关于河流N2O的释放系数。结果显示,河流硝态氮和氨氮的浓度变化范围分别为0.023~5.24(均值1.29±0.822)mgN·L-1和0.020~40.3(均值2.54±5.47)mgN·L-1;相应地,河流N2O饱和度和释放量的变化范围分别为90%~8213%(均值407%±1010%)及0.250~1960(均值58.3±221)μgN·m-2·h-1。不同河流N2O饱和度均呈现明显的季节变化特征,N2O饱和度几乎持续处于过饱和状态,表明河流N2O是大气N2O的源。不同类型的河流,其氮浓度水平、N2O饱和度与释放量均有显著差异,城市纳污型河流——南淝河,其氨氮浓度、N2O饱和度和释放量显著高于其他河流,均值分别达(12.5±6.10)mgN·L-1、1760%±2620%及(363±548)μgNm-2·h-1。研究发现,除南淝河外,所有径流主导型的河流,其N2O饱和度与NO-3含量存在显著线性正相关关系,说明高NO-3含量的河流能增加N2O的表观产量。除南淝河以外的河流N2O释放系数变化范围为0.05%~0.87%,均值为0.20%,较为接近IPCC的参考值0.

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