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中原油田油泥及周边土壤中PAHs的污染特征

Keywords: 油泥,土壤,多环芳烃(PAHs),内梅罗常数

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Abstract:

以中原油田油泥堆放场的油泥样品和沿下风向从距离油泥10、20、50、100、200、500m地点采集的土壤样品为研究对象,通过高效液相色谱法对样品中多环芳烃(PAHs)进行测定。结果显示,油泥样品中PAHs主要来自于石油源,土壤样品按照PAHs来源的不同分为石油源土壤样品和混合源土壤样品。3个不同厂区油泥中PAHs的含量从高到低顺序为:采油三厂文明污泥堆放场(3W)>采油三厂马寨污泥堆放场(3M)>采油四厂文二污泥堆放场(4W)。萘、苊烯、苊、芴和菲是油泥中PAHs的主要污染物。土壤样品中PAHs的含量为434.5~2408.8ng·g-1。根据3个油泥堆放场附近采集到的土壤样品中PAHs的含量可知,3个堆放场附近土壤的受污染程度顺序为:3W>3M>4W。萘、苊、芴、菲和芘是石油源土壤样品中主要污染物,萘和菲是混合源土壤样品中主要污染物。内梅罗常数分级评价结果表明油泥堆放地周围土壤受到严重污染。

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