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菠菜中残留的两种农药在几种家庭处理方式中的去除

Keywords: 去除,日允许摄入量(ADI),菠菜,安全性

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Abstract:

通过测定经过家庭处理后菠菜中毒死蜱和三氟氯氰菊酯的残留水平,比较了不同清洗方法、炒制加工过程对农药的去除效果。结果表明,清水直接冲洗对两种农药的去除效果都较差,去除率分别为:毒死蜱19.09%、三氟氯氰菊酯9.66%;用清水浸泡10min对毒死蜱的去除作用高达70%,而三氟氯氰菊酯只有20%左右,延长浸泡时间并不能提高去除效果;多次水浸洗可以增加毒死蜱的去除效果,而对于三氟氯氰菊酯浸洗的次数与去除效果无差异显著性;沸水浸泡1min对毒死蜱的去除率可达50%以上,对三氟氯氰菊酯也能达到20%;3种洗涤剂的去除效果均不理想。试验结果表明,炒煮加工是最有效的去除途经,对毒死蜱和三氟氯氰菊酯的去除率都在50%以上。根据正常施药条件下两种农药在蔬菜中的残留状况,联系不同地区人群膳食结构中对蔬菜的摄入量,计算每人每天对农药的可能摄入量,依此评价通过食入被农药污染的蔬菜,可能对人身健康构成的潜在危害。评价结果显示,不同地区人群每人每天对农药的摄入量是东方国家高于西方国家,中国高于其他国家;就具体农药而言,毒死蜱高于三氟氯氰菊酯。

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