全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

乙草胺胁迫对土壤真菌拮抗功能和假单胞菌以及芽胞杆菌群落结构的影响

Keywords: 乙草胺,假单胞菌,芽胞杆菌,多样性,种群结构,PCR-DGGE

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

真菌拮抗功能是自然健康土壤对病原真菌所具有的免疫能力,这种能力与土壤中许多可分泌拮抗物质的细菌有关,而假单胞菌和芽胞杆菌是目前研究最多的具拮抗功能的种群。乙草胺是北方使用量最大的除草剂,目前它的施用对土壤真菌拮抗能力的影响还未见报道。本文通过室内模拟培养,考察不同浓度乙草胺(0、50、150、250mg·kg-1土)对土壤真菌拮抗能力的影响,并运用PCR-DGGE(变性梯度凝胶电泳)方法研究真菌拮抗功能逐渐下降的土壤样品中假单胞菌和芽胞杆菌群落结构变化情况。结果表明,在实验室微宇宙条件下,乙草胺的施用会降低土壤真菌拮抗能力,在处理第12d时可以得到土壤真菌拮抗功能差异显著的土壤样品。土壤芽胞杆菌多样性随乙草胺浓度的升高而下降,而假单胞菌多样性变化不大。乙草胺胁迫下芽胞杆菌和假单胞菌群落结构都发生明显改变,尤其是芽胞杆菌(处理土壤样品与对照的群落结构相似性为0.60),且施加浓度越高,群落结构组成偏离自然土壤越远。真菌拮抗能力的降低与假单胞菌和芽胞杆菌多样性和结构的改变相关。

References

[1]  Benizri E,Piutti S,Verger S,et al.Replant diseases:bacterial community structure and diversity in peach rhizosphere as determined by metabolic and genetic fingerprinting[J].Soil Biol Biochem,2005,37:1738-1746.
[2]  Kaiser O,Puhler A,Selbitschka W.Phylogenetic analysis of microbial diversity in the rhizoplane of oilseed rape (Brassica rufus cv.Westar) employing cultivation-dependent and cultivationindependent approach-es[J].Microb Ecol,2001,42:136-149.
[3]  Pérez-Piqueres A,Edel-Hermann V,Alabouvette C,et al.Response of soil microbial communities to compost amendments[J].Soil Biol Biochem,2006,38:460-470.
[4]  De Boer W,Verheggen P,Klein Gunnewiek P J A,et al.Microbial com-munity composition affects soil fungistasis[J].Appl Environ Microbiol,2003,69:835-844.
[5]  Marschner P,Yang C H,Lieberei R,et al.Soil and plant specific effects on bacterial community composition in the rhizosphere[J].Soil Biol Biochem,2001,33:1437-1445.
[6]  李斌,谢关林,陈若霞,等.耕作与栽培方式对瓜类土壤细菌数量及枯萎病拮抗细菌分布的影响[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(10):1937-1940.LI B,XIE G L,CHEN R X,et al.Effects of cropping system and culti-vation pattern on bacterial populations and anti-fusarium wilt bacteria in melon sefts[J].Chin JAppl Ecol,2006,17(10):1937-1940 (in Chi-nese).
[7]  薛东红,刘训理,陈凯,等.一株植物病原真菌拮抗细菌的分离与鉴定[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2006,37(1):1-5.XUE D H,LIU X L,CHEN K,et al.Isolation and identification of a strain of antagonistic bacteria inhibiting against plant pathogenic fungi[J].J Shangdong Agri Univ (Nat Sci Ea),2006,37(1):1-5 (in Chi-nese).
[8]  郑爱萍,李平,王世全,等.水稻纹枯病强拮抗菌B34的分离与鉴定[J].植物病理学报,2003,33(1):81-85.ZHENG A P,LI P,WANG S Q,et al.Screening,taxonomy of antagonis-tic strain B34 against Thanatephorus cucumeris[J].ActaPhytopath Sini-ca,2003,33 (1):81-85 (in Chinese).
[9]  De La Fuente L,Thomashow L,WeBer D,et al.Pseudomonas fluo-reseens UP61 isolated from birdfoot trefoil rhizosphere produces multi-ple antibiotics and exerts a broad spectrum of biocontrol activity[J].Eur J Plant Patho,2004,110:67-678.
[10]  Zhang H,Zhang Q,Zhou Q,et al.Binary-joint effects of acetoehlor,methamidophos,and copper on soil microbial population[J].Bull Envi-ron Contain Toxicol,2003,71:746-754.
[11]  Li X Y,Zhang H W,Zhou Q x,et al.Effects of acetoehlor and methamidophos on fungal communities in black soils[J].Pedosphere,2005,15(5):646-652.
[12]  罗海峰,齐鸿雁,张洪勋.乙草胺对农田土壤细菌多样性的影响[J].微生物学报.2004,44(4):519-522.LUO H F,QI H Y,ZHANG H X.The impact of aeetoehl on the bacteri-al diversity in seil[J].Acta Microbiol Sinica,2004,44(4):519-522 (in Chinese).
[13]  张惠文,张倩茹,周启星,等.乙草胺及铜离子复合施用对黑土农田生态系统土著微生物的急性毒性效应[J].农业环境科学学报,2003,22(2):129-133.ZHANG H W,ZHANG Q R,ZHOU Q X,et al.Comabined effects of a-cute toxicity of acetochlor and copper on soil microbial population and biological characteristics in maize-wheat-soybean agreeeosystem[J].J Ago-Environ Sci,2003,22(2):129-133 (in Chinese).
[14]  刘金华,肖成蕊,魏春艳.应用PCR技术检测玉米中的禾谷镰刀菌[J].植物检疫,2004,18(6):333-335.LIU J H,XIAO C R,WEI C Y.Species-specific PCR assays for the i-dentification of Fusarium graminearum in maize[J].Plant Ouara,2004,18 (6):333-335 (in Chinese).
[15]  张小红,陈耀峰,闵东红,等.胚发育时间和禾谷镰刀菌粗毒素对小麦幼胚愈伤组织诱导及幼苗分化的影响[J].西北农林科技大学(自然科学版),2006,34(12):92-96.ZHANG X H,CHEN Y F,MIND H,et al.Effect of Fusarium gramin-earum crude toxin and embryo development time on inducement and plandet differentiation of caUi in wheat young embryos culture[J].J Northwest Sci-Tech Univ Agri and For (Nat Sci Ed),2006,34(12):92-96 (in Chinese).
[16]  Yeates C,Gillings M R,Davison A D,et al.Methods for microbial DNA extraction from soil for PCR amplification[J].Biol Proced Online,1998,1(1):40-47.
[17]  Elsas J D V,Garbeva P,Veen J A V.Assessment of the diversity and antagonism toward Rhizoctonia solani AG3,of Pseudomonas species in soil from different agricultural regimes[J].FEMS Microbiol Ecol,2003,47:51-64.
[18]  Garbeva P,Veen J A V,Elsas J D.Predominant Bacillus spp.in agri-cultural soil under different management regimes detected via PCR-DGGE[J].Microb Ecol,2003,45:302-316.
[19]  张惠文.复合农药胁迫下黑土土壤微生物生态过程及分子生态学研究[A].沈阳:中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,2003,86-88.ZHANG H W.Ecological process and molecular ecology of microbial community in black soil under stress of acetoehlor,methamidophos,copper,and their binary combinations[A].Shenyang:Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2003,86-88 (in Chinese).
[20]  Gorissen A,van Overbeek L S,van Elsas J D.Pig slurry reduces the survival of Ralstonia solanacearum biovar 2 in soil[J].Can J Microbiol,2004,50:587-593.
[21]  Hunter P J,Petch G M,Calvo-Bado L A,et al.Differences in microbial activity and microbial populations of peat associated with suppression of damping-off disease caused by Pythium sylvaticum[J].Appl Environ Microbiol,2006,72:6452-6460.
[22]  Garbeva P,van Veen J A,van Elsas J D.Predominant Bacillus spp.in agricultural soil under different management regimes detected via PCR-DGGE[J].Microb Ecol,2003,45:302-316.
[23]  Garbeva P,van Veen J A,van Elsas J D.Assessment of the diversity,and antagonism towards Rhizoctonia solani AG3,of Pseudomonas species in soil from different agricultural regimes[J].FEMS Microbio Ecol,2004.47:51-64.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133