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长江中下游浅水湖沉积物磷形态及其分布特征研究

Keywords: 浅水湖,沉积物,磷形态,理化性质,分布特征

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Abstract:

对长江中下游7个浅水湖泊的表层沉积物,应用淡水沉积物中磷形态的标准测试程序(SMT)测定了其中的总磷、无机磷、有机磷、铁/铝磷和钙磷等5个部份,分析了各形态磷之间以及各形态磷与沉积物理化性质如总氮、有机质、主要氧化物组成之间的相关性。结果表明,研究区域内,表层沉积物总磷含量在217.8~3337.2mg·kg-1之间,城市湖泊总磷含量总体上高于太湖等五大淡水湖;表层沉积物中的磷以无机磷为主,有机磷为辅,前者占总磷的比例多数处于60%~80%之间;从各形态磷含量的变化范围来看,Fe/Al-P>OP>Ca-P,而从百分含量的变化范围来看,则是Fe/Al-P>Ca-P>OP。表层沉积物中TP含量的增加主要来自Fe-P部分,其次来自OP部分;OP含量与Ca-P和Fe/Al-P的含量均有较好的正相关关系,而Ca-P与Fe/Al-P只有很弱的相关性。TN、有机质含量与OP、TP、Ca-P和Fe/Al-P均呈极显著正相关。TFe2O3与Fe/Al-P、TP、OP呈极显著正相关,而与Ca-P的相关性较弱;CaO与Ca-P呈极显著正相关,与OP有一定的正相关,与其他形态的磷则没有或只有微弱的相关性。

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