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生物炭对土壤水肥利用效率与番茄生长影响研究

DOI: 10.11654/jaes.2014.11.017, PP. 2187-2193

Keywords: 生物炭,砂壤土,水肥利用效率,含水率

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Abstract:

通过设置不同生物炭施用量的野外大田小区试验,研究不同处理砂壤土物理性质及水肥的变化规律。试验共设5个处理,3个重复:不施生物炭(CK),生物炭施用量分别为10t·hm-2(T1)、20t·hm-2(T2)、40t·hm-2(T3)、60t·hm-2(T4)。结果表明:施用生物炭能明显减小土壤容重,增大土壤孔隙度,增加土壤含水率,与对照(CK)相比,耕作层(0~20cm)土壤容重T4减小最大,0~10cm减小23%,0~20cm减小30%;孔隙度T4增加最大,0~10cm增加14%,0~20cm增加19%。施用生物炭明显提高了土壤的水分与肥料利用效率,与对照(CK)相比,处理组的水分和肥料利用效率分别最少提高27.7%和87.4%,其中T3增幅最大。生物炭能促进作物生长发育,提高作物产量,本试验番茄产量T3增幅最大,增幅为56.1%。综上所述,生物炭能改变土壤的物理性质,提高水肥利用率,减少肥料淋失,其中T3在这些指标中增幅最为明显,因此40t·hm-2生物炭用量是改良砂壤土最为合适的用量。

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