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南海湖沉积物中生物有效态重金属含量及其空间分布

Keywords: 沉积物,重金属,生物有效态,南海湖

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Abstract:

为判识湖泊沉积物中重金属的地球化学行为特征及其控制因素,以包头市南海湖为研究对象,采用连续提取法,系统开展了沉积物中生物有效态重金属的分布研究。结果表明,表层沉积物中重金属生物有效态(前4态之和)的平均比例序列为Cd>Pb>Zn>Cu;Cu的生物有效态占总量的比例为23%,Pb为75%,Zn为42%,Cd为83%。总体而言,表层沉积物中Cd和Pb的潜在危害性最大。湖心区、西南和东北部湖区为表层沉积物中Cu、Pb和Zn的生物有效态含量高值区,Cd仅在西南湖区表现高值。有机物结合态为沉积物柱芯中Cu和Cd生物有效态的主导形态,铁锰氧化物结合态为Pb和Zn生物有效态的主导形态。强还原性条件下,沉积物中以铁锰氧化物结合态为主导形态的Pb、Zn、Cd有一定的潜在风险,Cu的潜在危害较小。与黄河沉积物重金属形态百分比的对比分析表明,南海湖沉积物对重金属的固定能力更强。

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