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腐熟堆肥筛上粗颗粒对堆肥化过程中温室气体排放的影响

DOI: 10.11654/jaes.2015.07.019

Keywords: 温室气体 氨气 粗颗粒 腐熟堆肥 堆肥

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Abstract:

以猪粪和玉米秸秆按湿重7:1混合为原料,研究腐熟堆肥粗颗粒在堆肥化过程中减排温室气体作用。试验在1.2 m3发酵仓中进行,采用自然通风,每周翻堆一次,设混匀、覆盖、覆混、对照4种处理。试验结果表明:混匀处理能提高堆体的通气性能,提高堆肥产品的腐熟度,同时降低CH4排放41.8%,但不能显著降低NH3排放。覆盖处理能降低NH3排放49.1%;腐熟堆肥覆盖层具有CH4氧化能力,降低CH4排放67.4%。覆混处理既能在堆肥翻堆前降低氨气排放(22.7%),又能在堆肥翻堆后减低甲烷排放(46.6%)。同对照相比,混匀和覆混处理分别减少N2O排放35.7%和74.1%。腐熟堆肥粗颗粒中含有大量亚硝酸盐氧化菌,混入堆肥后可促使亚硝酸盐向硝酸盐的转化,减少通过反硝化途径产生N2O,但是在堆肥初期将促进硝化途径产生N2O。堆肥结束后,覆盖、混匀、覆混处理的总温室气体排放分别下降35.2%、50.4%和58.1%。覆混处理因其操作便捷性、良好的减排效果,可以在实际生产中推广应用

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