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臭氧胁迫对冬小麦干物质生产和产量构成的影响

Keywords: 干物质量,干物质分配,叶面积,产量,产量评估

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Abstract:

利用开顶式气室(OTC)开展了大田实验条件下地表臭氧浓度增加对冬小麦干物质(DM)生产和产量构成的影响。结果表明,与对照组相比,100nL·L-1臭氧熏气下干物质量略有降低,150nL·L-1臭氧熏气下显著降低;100nL·L-1和150nL·L-1臭氧熏气下叶面积,净同化速率(NAR)变化规律不明显;100nL·L-1和150nL·L-1臭氧熏气都使抽穗期的叶/总干重增加,根/总干重下降,抽穗后根/总干重上升,而成熟期的各器官干重分配均没有达到显著性水平;100nL·L-1臭氧熏气使单位面积穗数和空秕率显著降低,150nL·L-1臭氧熏气使空秕率、单位面积穗数、穗粒数、穗粒重出现了显著或极显著降低,臭氧熏气对千粒重没有显著性变化。以上结果表明,NAR是影响干物质累积速度的关键因子,在不同生育阶段,通过干物质的分配,对小麦生长发育起关键作用的器官在一定程度上能够抵抗臭氧对其的损害。臭氧通过影响粒数和粒重使冬小麦减产。

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