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O3浓度升高对麦田土壤氨氧化细菌、氨氧化古菌和硝化细菌数量的影响

Keywords: O3浓度升高,氨氧化细菌,氨氧化古菌,硝化细菌,定量PCR

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Abstract:

硝化作用在氮循环过程中至关重要,包括氨氧化作用和亚硝酸盐氧化作用,通过氨氧化反应和亚硝酸盐氧化反应将N素转化为植物可利用的NO-3形态。利用开顶式臭氧气室(OTCs,open-topchambers)试验平台,通过大田模拟熏气试验,结合Real-timePCR探讨大气O3浓度升高对麦田土壤氨氧化细菌(AOB)、氨氧化古菌(AOA)及硝化细菌(NOB)数量的影响。结果表明,AOB、AOA和NOB对O3胁迫的反应不一样,AOB基因拷贝数基本上随着O3浓度的升高呈现出降低的趋势,而AOA和NOB基因拷贝数随O3浓度的升高变化不明显。冬小麦拔节期,当O3浓度为40、80、120nmol·mol-1时,20~40cm土层的AOB基因拷贝数分别比对照处理降低39.8%、51.2%和59.4%。AOB和NOB基因拷贝数灌浆期多于收获期,0~10cm土层多于10~20cm。AOA基因拷贝数随季节的变化不大。O3胁迫可通过影响AOB、AOA和NOB的数量和活性来影响土壤的硝化反应,从而影响土壤的氮素循环过程。

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