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施肥对设施菜地氨氧化细菌群落和丰度的影响

Keywords: 氨氧化细菌,施肥,群落结构,T-RFLP,实时荧光定量PCR

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Abstract:

以甘肃武威设施菜地为对象,采用amoA基因末端限制性片段多态性分析(PCR-TRFLP)技术与实时荧光定量PCR(Real-timePCR)相结合的方法,研究了不同施肥处理下土壤中氨氧化细菌群落组成和丰度的变化。结果表明:设施菜地中氨氧化细菌的优势种群均为Nitrosospiracluster3属,亦含有少量Nitrosomanascluster7属。定量PCR分析发现在当地农民习惯施肥用量一半的处理下(1/2MNPK),0~20cm和20~40cm土层中氨氧化细菌的丰度最大值分别为每克干土9.95×107、6.65×107拷贝数,比不施肥处理增加了105.0%和315.3%。施肥类型、土壤层次均是导致氨氧化细菌群落结构和丰度变化的重要因素。研究结果对进一步探讨设施栽培条件下氨氧化细菌的功能、环境适应机理及其在土壤氮素循环中的作用等,均具有较大的参考意义。

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