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天津西青区不同功能区土壤中多环芳烃分布特征研究

Keywords: 土壤,多环芳烃,分布,风险

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Abstract:

采集天津市西青区西部中北镇、杨柳青、张家窝、辛口镇等四镇不同功能区表层土壤,以ASE-GPC-SPE联合净化方法对土壤样品进行处理,并通过HPLC-UV-FLU串联检测方法进行测定。结果表明,研究区域土壤16种优控PAHs总量范围67.6~1274.7ng·g-1,平均含量为422.8ng·g-1。四个镇中PAHs总量大小为中北镇>杨柳青>张家窝>辛口镇,四种功能区土壤PAHs平均水平为工厂区>农用地>路边区>生活区,部分采样点存在16种PAHs未完全检出情况。通过主成分分析法揭示了其污染来源,前三个主成分方差贡献率达到91.3%,第一主成分高环PAHs占主导,主要是燃烧源导致。第二主成分低环PAHs占主导,是由石油源导致。同时研究了天津西郊土壤中PAHs与有机质的相关关系,污染浓度不高的情况下PAHs与有机质呈线性正相关R2=0.613,与相关性最强R2=0.665,说明土壤有机质是影响土壤中PAHs含量的重要因素之一。但是如果在高污染源附近,对PAHs的吸附及迁移作用的影响因素较为复杂。通过对比欧洲PAHs风险等级划分标准,中北镇处于中度污染水平,杨柳青镇、张家窝为轻度污染水平,辛口镇无污染。

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