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追施沼液对不同pH土壤CH4和N2O排放的影响

DOI: 10.11654/jaes.2013.08.023, PP. 1648-1655

Keywords: 猪粪沼液,CH4和N2O排放,土壤pH

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Abstract:

摸清不同pH土壤施用沼液后CH4和N2O的排放特征,对沼液农田回用的有效性及其养分管理具有重要意义。通过盆栽试验,探讨了猪粪沼液在pH为5.5(S5.5)、6.5(S6.5)和8.2(S8.2)的菜地土壤追施后CH4和N2O气体的排放特征。研究结果发现,不同pH菜地土壤追施猪粪沼液后,CH4和N2O排放速率和总量增加,特别是在S6.5和S8.2土壤中,二者增幅均显著高于施用化肥的处理。追施猪粪沼液后,CH4在pH较低的土壤(S5.5和S6.5)开始表现为负排放,随后逐渐表现为正排放,而在pH较高的土壤(S8.2)始终为正排放。N2O的排放表现为:S5.5土壤仅在第三次施沼液后,其N2O瞬时排放速率显著高于施用化肥和对照处理;而在S6.5和S8.2土壤N2O排放速率均显著增加,其平均排放速率显著高于施用化肥和对照处理。追施沼液后,整个生长季内CH4平均排放量在不同pH土壤间的变化趋势为S8.2>S6.5>S5.5,N2O排放的变化趋势为S6.5>S8.2>S5.5。碱性土壤上施用沼液会增加其氮素损失和环境污染的可能性。

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