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有机酸和FeCl3复合浸提修复Cd、Pb污染农田土壤的研究

DOI: 10.11654/jaes.2014.12.009, PP. 2335-2342

Keywords: 有机酸,FeCl3,重金属,污染土壤,复合浸提

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Abstract:

采用振荡浸提方法,研究了有机酸(柠檬酸、酒石酸)与FeCl3复合浸提对Cd、Pb污染农田土壤重金属的去除效果和影响因素,测定了浸提前后土壤中重金属形态和浸提液中常量元素含量.结果表明,柠檬酸(100mmol·L-1)和FeCl3(20mmol·L-1)复合浸提,对土壤中Cd、Pb的去除效率分别达到了40.7%和20.9%,酒石酸(100mmol·L-1)和FeCl3(20mmol·L-1)复合浸提,对Cd、Pb的去除效率分别达到了42.6%和16.5%,均高于相同浓度有机酸、FeCl3单独浸提的去除效率.有机酸-FeCl3对重金属的去除率随pH值升高而减少.液固质量比为5:1、浸提时间为24h、浸提3次比较适宜;有机酸-FeCl3对Cd的去除主要是交换态(77.3%~79.8%)和铁锰氧化态(86.7%~87.0%),有机结合态几乎没有变化;对Pb的去除主要是铁锰氧化态(70.0%~70.8%)和有机结合态(58.8%~66.0%),交换态显著增加至24.2%~24.5%,Cd、Pb碳酸盐结合态几乎消失,残渣态无变化.污染土壤中的Pb经过多次浸提,去除率可显著提高,连续3次浸提达到47.0%~48.2%.

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