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13种土壤硝化过程中亚硝态氮的累积与土壤性质的关系

Keywords: 亚硝态氮,峰值浓度,累积总量,土壤性质

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Abstract:

通过室内培养(土壤水分60%WHC,温度25℃)方法对不同土壤(13种)硝化过程中亚硝态氮的累积进行了研究,并用通径分析方法探讨了土壤亚硝态氮峰值浓度和累积总量与土壤性质的关系,为加强氮素管理、减少亚硝态氮的累积提供理论依据。结果表明,在培养过程中,各供试土壤亚硝态氮的峰值浓度相差较大,且均出现在施肥5~7d,以褐土最高为146.09mg·kg-1,其次是淤灌土为114.03mg·kg-1;黑土、黄壤和棕壤在培养过程中几乎未检测到亚硝态氮。亚硝态氮累积总量以褐土、淤灌土最大,分别为350.82和334.51mg·kg-1;水稻土和砖红壤最小,分别为7.58和13.06mg·kg-1。土壤pH、粘粒、无定形铁通过直接和间接效应成为影响土壤亚硝态氮峰值浓度、累积总量的主要因素,而土壤脲酶活性对这两个因变量的作用均很微弱;就通径分析的直接效应而言,有机质和全氮对土壤亚硝态氮峰值浓度、累积总量的影响最为显著,但其直接效应在很大程度上被其他因素的间接效应所抵消;土壤CEC对土壤亚硝态氮峰值浓度的作用也非常显著。此外,土壤络合态铝、络合态铁虽然对这两个因变量的直接效应不明显,但通过其他因素的综合作用也对这两个因变量起到了一定的影响作用。

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