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不同磷酸盐下红壤对镉离子的吸附-解吸特征

Keywords: 磷酸盐,,红壤,吸附,解吸

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Abstract:

采用等温吸附法研究了红壤对镉离子的吸附特性,分析加入不同形态的磷酸二氢盐(磷酸二氢铵、磷酸二氢钾和磷酸二氢钙)对镉离子吸附-解吸特征的影响。结果表明,在加入镉浓度0~20mg·L-1范围内,红壤对镉离子的吸附量随平衡液中镉离子浓度的升高而增加,吸附等温线符合Freundlich方程。土壤吸附镉离子后,在磷添加浓度为0~160mg·L-1下,土壤对镉离子的等温吸附仍然符合Freundlich方程(R2>0.94),但磷酸盐对镉离子吸附具有明显影响;磷酸二氢钙使镉离子的最大吸附量降低了2.5%~7.9%,使镉离子的吸附率降低10%~20%,而磷酸二氢铵和磷酸二氢钾对镉离子的吸附特征无明显影响。随加入磷量的增加,3种磷酸盐下镉离子解吸量和解吸率均显著降低,解吸量降幅为15.8%~27.8%,解吸率降低了3.7%~9.5%;但在低镉时磷酸二氢钙对红壤镉离子的解吸率显著高于磷酸二氢铵和磷酸二氢钾。由于Ca2+与Cd2+之间存在较强的竞争吸附,使得磷酸二氢钙对红壤镉离子吸附-解吸的影响大于磷酸二氢铵和磷酸二氢钾。

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