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野外Lysimeter 试验14C同位素示踪研究土壤-小麦系统多环芳烃萘的环境归趋

Keywords: 多环芳烃,同位素示踪,Lysimeter,土壤,环境归趋

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Abstract:

采用14C同位素示踪技术和野外Lysimeter试验,进行了小麦种植条件下多环芳烃萘(naphthalene)的环境归趋的定量化研究。结果表明,气态损耗是土壤中外源萘含量减少的主要途径,其中矿化损失约占气态损耗的84.41%,作物的存在可显著促进萘的气态损耗,矿化速率和挥发速率可分别提高43.51%和190.32%,其原因可能与植物的根系分泌活动有关。经过一个小麦生长周期,土壤表层残留14C占施入量的1.73%;对土壤柱样的分层分析和土壤渗滤放射性强度测定发现,萘存在明显的纵向迁移现象并可能影响地下水水质,渗滤损失约占施入总量的0.043%;收获期萘在小麦体内含量仅占外源施入量的0.003%,但小麦籽粒已明显检测到14C的存在,浓度约为0.16mg·kg-1,因此农田环境中多环芳烃残留对食品安全的影响也应引起重视。

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