通过实验研究了堆肥生产过程中,菌剂添加对鸡粪高温堆肥中四环素类抗生素(四环素和土霉素)降解、四环素抗性细菌和致病菌(大肠菌群和沙门氏菌)的影响。结果表明,菌剂添加可以提高鸡粪堆肥的高温期温度,促进肥料腐熟,并且能够提高土霉素的降解速率。实验组原料中76 μg·kg-1的土霉素经过高温堆肥得到有效去除,而不接种菌剂的对照组中土霉素没有明显去除;原料中沙门氏菌在堆肥起始阶段(8 d)就能够杀灭,而大肠菌群一直持续检出,直到堆肥末期(47 d)才小于2 lg CFU·g-1。抗四环素细菌在堆肥过程中的数量总体呈下降趋势,堆肥成品分别比原料减少1.41 lg CFU·g-1(实验组)和1.60 lg CFU·g-1(对照组),抗性细菌占总菌数的比例呈现先上升再下降的趋势,最终比例分别为4.00%(实验组)和1.17%(对照组),均高于原料的抗性菌比例(0.40%和0.39%)
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