全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

长江下游南京段典型潮土镉富集以及生物有效性影响因素研究

DOI: 10.11654/jaes.2015.02.010

Keywords: 镉 潮土 污染源 生物有效性 碳酸盐

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

以长江下游南京段某典型潮土分布区为研究区,通过2014年与2003年两期表层土壤镉等相关成分变化、土壤剖面对比、地球化学统计分析等方法研究了潮土镉富集机制及其生态有效性的主要影响因素.结果表明:相对于2003年,研究区表层潮土2014年镉平均含量增加了40.9%.以中国土壤环境质量标准(GB 15618-1995)为参照,有超过50%的土壤样品达到镉轻度污染水平,且有约25%土壤样品的生物有效镉含量接近或高于当地潮土镉背景值.地学统计分析与实际调查表明,土壤镉与硫以及有机碳呈显着正相关关系,镉最主要的外源可能是受粉煤灰影响的大气降尘.潮土镉活化主要受碳酸盐、Ca、Mg、pH和有效Fe的影响,其中碳酸盐的影响最为重要.研究区含碳酸盐土壤与贫(无)碳酸盐土壤(含量<5 g·kg-1)的Cd含量没有显着差异,但生物有效镉含量以及镉活化率却存在显着性差异,贫(无)碳酸盐土壤的生物有效镉含量和镉活化率分别是含碳酸盐土壤的2.5倍和近2倍.研究区表层土壤发生了酸化(pH平均水平从2003年的7.72下降到2014年的6.96),为控制酸化及预防可能的土壤重金属生态风险,应及时开展土壤生态平衡修复工程

References

[1]  王 美, 李书田, 马义兵, 等. 长期不同施肥措施对土壤铜、锌、镉形态及生物有效性的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2014, 33(8):1500-1510. WANG Mei, LI Shu-tian, MA Yi-bing, et al. Influence of different long-term fertilization practices on fractionations and bioavailability of Cu, Zn, and Cd in soils[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2014, 33(8):1500-1510.
[2]  刘洪莲, 李艳慧, 李恋卿, 等. 太湖地区某地农田土壤及农产品中重金属污染及风险评价[J]. 安全与环境学报, 2006, 6(5):60-63. LIU Hong-lian, LI Yan-hui, LI Lian-qing, et al. Pollution and risk evaluation of heavy metals in soil and agro-products from an area in the Taihu Lake region[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2006, 6(5):60-63.
[3]  钟晓兰, 周生路, 赵其国, 等. 长三角典型区土壤重金属有效态的协同区域化分析、空间相关分析与空间主成分分析[J]. 环境科学, 2007, 28(12):2758-2764. ZHONG Xiao-lan, ZHOU Sheng-lu, ZHAO Qi-guo, et al. Coregionalization, spatial-correlation and spatial-factor analysis of soil available heavy metals in a typical region of the Yangtze River Delta[J]. Environmental Science, 2007, 28(12):2758-2764.
[4]  赵兴敏, 董德明, 花修艺, 等. 污染源附近农田土壤中铅镉铬砷的分布特征和生物有效性研究[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2009, 28(8):1573-1577. ZHAO Xing-min, DONG De-ming, HUA Xiu-yi, et al. Distribution characters and bioactivity of lead, cadmium, chromium and arsenic in farmland soils near pollution sources[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2009, 28(8):1573-1577.
[5]  Wang C, Ji J, Yang Z, et al. Effects of soil properties on the transfer of cadmium from soil to wheat in the Yangtze River delta region, China:A typical industry-agriculture transition area[J]. Biological Trace Element Research, 2012, 148(2):264-274.
[6]  Zhao K, Liu X, Xu J, et al. Heavy metal contaminations in a soil-rice system:Identification of spatial dependence in relation to soil properties of paddy fields[J]. Journal of Hazardous Material, 2010, 181:778-787.
[7]  王祖伟, 李宗海, 王景刚, 等. 天津污灌区土壤重金属含量与理化性质对小麦吸收重金属的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2007, 26(4):1406-1410. WANG Zu-wei, LI Zong-mei, WANG Jing-gang, et al. Absorption to heavy metals by wheat and influencing features in sewage-irrigated soil in Tianjin[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2007, 26(4):1406-1410.
[8]  林 笠, 周 婷, 汤 帆, 等. 镉铅污染灰潮土中添加磷对草莓生长及重金属累积的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2013, 32(3):503-507. LIN Li, ZHOU Ting, TANG Fan, et al. Effects of phosphorus on growth and uptake of heavy metals in strawberry grown in the soil contaminated by Cd and Pb[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2013, 32(3):503-507.
[9]  黎佳佳, 付庆灵, 吕 意, 等. 辣椒对灰潮土重金属Cd、Pb污染的反应与矿质元素吸收[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2005, 24(2):236-241. LI Jia-jia, FU Qing-ling, Lü Yi, et al. Absorption of heavy metals cadmium, lead and their complex pollution by pepper grown on Grey Chao Soil[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2005, 24(2):236-241.
[10]  方利平, 章明奎, 陈美娜, 等. 长三角和珠三角农业土壤中铅、铜、镉的化学形态与转化[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2007, 15(4):39-41. FANG Li-ping, ZHANG Ming-kui, CHEN Mei-na, et al. Chemical forms and transformations of Pb, Cu and Cd in agricultural soils of Yangtze River and Zhujiang deltas[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2007, 15(4):39-41.
[11]  马成玲, 周健民, 王火焰, 等. 农田土壤重金属污染评价方法研究--以长江三角洲典型县级市常熟市为例[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2006, 22(1):48-53. MA Cheng-ling, ZHOU Jian-min, WANG Huo-yan, et al. Methods for Assessment of heavy metal pollution in cropland soils: A case study of Changshu[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2006, 22(1):48-53.
[12]  廖启林, 刘 聪, 金 洋, 等. 江苏省域土壤元素地表富集及其与人为活动的关系研究[J]. 第四纪研究, 2013, 33(3):1-14. LIAO Qi-lin, LIU Cong, JIN Yang, et al. A preliminary study of element bioconcentration factors within milled rice and wheat meal in some typical areas of Jiangsu Province[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2013, 33(3):1-14.
[13]  成杭新, 杨忠芳, 奚小环, 等. 长江流域沿江镉异常源追踪与定量评估的研究框架[J]. 地学前缘, 2005, 12(1):261-272. CHENG Hang-xin, YANG Zhong-fang, XI Xiao-huan, et al. A research framework for source tracking and quantitative assessment of the Cd anomalies along the Yangtze River Basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2005, 12(1):261-272.
[14]  朱立新, 马生明, 汤丽玲, 等. 中国东部平原土壤地球化学基准值、重金属元素异常成因和生态效应[M]. 北京:地质出版社, 2012. ZHU LI-xin, MA Sheng-ming, TANG Li-ling, et al. The geochemical baseline, mechanism of heavy metals anomaly and ecological effect of soils from East China Plain[M]. Beijing:China Geology Press, 2012.
[15]  廖启林, 范迪富, 黄顺生, 等. 江苏省国土区域生态地球化学调查(1∶25万多目标)报告[R]. 南京:江苏省地质调查研究院, 2007.
[16]  中国科学院南京土壤研究所. 土壤理化分析[M]. 上海:上海科学技术出版社, 1978. Nanjing Institute of Soil Science of Chinese Academy of Science. Soil chemical and physical analysis[M]. Shanghai:Shanghai Scientific and Technological Press, 1978.
[17]  中国林业局. LY/T 1237-1999 森林土壤有机质的测定及碳氮比的计算[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社, 1999. State Forestry Administration. LY/T 1237-1999 Determination of organic matter in forest soil and calculation carbon-nitrogen ratio[S]. Beijing:China Standards Press, 1999.
[18]  鲍士旦. 土壤和农业化学分析[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社, 2000. BAO Shi-dan. Analysis of soil and agricultural chemistry[M]. Beijing:Chinese Agriculture Press, 2000.
[19]  Lindsay W L, Norvell W A. Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese, and copper[J]. Soil Science Social American Journal, 1978, 42:421-428.
[20]  Ji J, Ge Y, Balsam W, et al. Rapid identification of dolomite using a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer(FTIR):A fast method for identifying Heinrich events in IODP Site U1308[J]. Marine Geology, 2009, 258:60-68.
[21]  夏增禄, 李森照, 李廷芳, 等. 土壤元素背景值及其研究方法[M]. 北京:气象出版社, 1987. XIA Zeng-lu, LI Sen-zhao, LI Ting-fang, et al. The background value of soil element and study methods[M]. Beijing:Chinese Meteorological Press, China, 1987.
[22]  环保部. GB 15618-1995土壤环境质量标准[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社, 1995. State Environmental Protection Administration of China. GB 15618-1995 Environment quality standard for soils[S]. Beijing:China Standards Press, 1995.
[23]  陈怀满. 环境土壤学[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2010. CHEN Huai-man. Environmental soil science[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2010.
[24]  夏学齐. 苏南沿江地区镉生态地球化学特征及其反射光谱研究[D]. 南京:南京大学, 2007. XIA Xue-qi. Cd eco-geochemistry along the Yangtze River drainage basin in Jiangsu section and its study by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing University, 2007
[25]  Nriagu J O, Pacyna J M. Quantitative assessment of worldwide contamination of air, water and soils by trace metals[J]. Nature, 333(12):134-139.
[26]  骆永明. 长江、珠江三角洲土壤及其环境[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2012. LUO Yong-ming. The soil of Yangtze River delta and Zhujiang River delta regions and their environment[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2012.
[27]  江苏土壤调查办公室. 江苏土壤[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社, 1995. Soil Survey Office of Jiangsu Province of China. Soil of Jiangsu[M]. Beijing:Chinese Agriculture Press, 1995.
[28]  刘付程, 史学正, 于东升. 近20年来太湖流域典型地区土壤酸度的时空变异特征[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2006, 15(6):740-744. LIU Fu-cheng, SHI Xue-zheng, YU Dong-sheng. Spatial and temporal variability of soil acidity in typical areas of Taihu Lake region in the last 20 years[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2006, 15(6):740-744.
[29]  Bàrja I, Nilsen P. Long term effect of liming and fertilization on ectomycorrhizal colonization and tree growth in old Scots pine(Pinus sylvestris L.) stands[J]. Plant and Soil, 2009, 314:109-119.
[30]  Soon Y K, Arshad M A. Tillage and liming effects on crop and labile soil nitrogen in an acid soil[J]. Soil & Tillage Research, 2005, 80:23-33.
[31]  蔡 东, 肖文芳, 李国怀. 施用石灰改良酸性土壤的研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2010, 26(9):206-213. CAI Dong, XIAO Wen-fang, LI Guo-huai. Advance on study of liming on acid soils[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2010, 26(9):206-213.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133